Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in children younger than 5 years of age, killing more than 160,000 children each year. Washing hands with soap is an effective and economical way to prevent diarrhea and acute respiratory infections such as the flu. However, the proportion of hand washing around the world is very low, accounting for only 3% to 30%. Dr. Stephen Laby of the International Center for Diarrhoeal Diseases said that many diseases in the world are spread by hand. Either through direct hand contact between people, or the hands of the bacteria contaminate the food and spread through the food. Therefore, the importance of washing hands is not only to protect the hand washing person, but also to block the spread chain of the bacteria and protect others.

Ms. Therese Dooley, Senior Health Adviser at UNICEF, believes that soaping is an effective and inexpensive means of preventing diseases such as diarrhoea. It is necessary to incorporate soaping into the agenda of child survival, growth and education.

The school is the most concentrated place for children, and it is also a learning center with the necessary venue for teaching. A child is like a blank sheet of paper, and it is easy to accept new ideas. Children between the ages of 2 and 5 are the easiest to cultivate. At the same time, because of the concentration of the school population, it is also easy to cause the problem of disease transmission. In addition, students are a link to parents who teach the knowledge of hand washing learned at school to their parents. Cultivating students’ good hand-washing habits can also have long-term effects. If the younger generation has this good hygiene habit, then the next generation will be well inherited.

As for other effective ways to prevent diarrhea, Stephen Laby mentioned that it can improve water quality, reduce water pollution, and some vaccine products have also proven to effectively protect us from diarrhea.

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According to a study published in the Pediatrics Magazine. Spanish researchers demonstrated that children who used hand sanitizers instead of soap and water reduced their days of illness, suffered less respiratory infections and used less antibiotic prescriptions.

“Washing hands as a way to prevent infections is no longer new. We are now paying more attention to the fact that it is not just about washing your hands, but how to wash your hands. ” Janet Haas, epidemiologist of the Lenox Hill Hospital in New York.
The sample of the study was of 911 small children (up to 3 years) of 24 different nursery schools in the province of Almeria.
For the realization of the study, children, their families and their kindergarten were divided into three groups:

1. The first group used disinfecting hands to clean hands.

2. The second sample used water and soap with strict protocols.

3. And the third party was a control group that followed its usual routines of hand washing.

The study lasted 8 months, during which the hand disinfectant group recorded 3.25% of lost day care days. The group of water and soap lost 3.9%. The group that followed their usual hand washing routine lost 4.2%.

The study demonstrated the advantages of including a disinfectant in hand washing. The group that used hand sanitizers recorded a 23% decrease in respiratory infections among students, compared to those of the control group that followed the usual guidelines for hand hygiene.

The study also concluded that the group that used water and soap had a 21% higher risk of getting a respiratory infection and a 3% higher prescription of antibiotics than children who used hand sanitizers.

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